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General impressions about the questionnaires

mirentxu — Fri, 22 Jun 2007 18:05:37 +0000

Questionnaire 1

For me, talking about Human Language Technologies is something new because had never about it. Above all, I have found very interesting the Uszkoreit’s studies so my team’s task have been focused on this character.

He is a Professor of Computational Linguistics at the Dept. of Computational Linguistics and Phonetics of Saarland University at Saarbrücken and he has developed important research in this fied.

In the third question of the first questionnaire I have included three important european centres on Computational Linguistics.

Questionnaire 2

In this questionnaire I have stated five important reasons why one should study Human Language Technogogies.

I have found that the interest in this field is growing and more and more conferences are taking place all over the world, including our country, where an international congress will be hold.

In the third questionnaire I have been aware of the developements that should still be made in the fileld of machine translation. The main problem I have found is that, while the translation between similar languages are quite accurate, the ones between very different languages like Spanish and English are more problematic.

I have also found another problem, because I tried to translate a text in Italian but this option was not included in the menu. This underslines the need of new achievements in this field, because this is an important tool for people who work with languages and who uses computers as a indispensable tool.

Taking into consideration all this, we can say that human translation is nowadays much more useful.

References

mirentxu — Fri, 22 Jun 2007 17:49:40 +0000

In this website we can learn about more things about the 45 Annual meeting of the association for computational linguistics. (http://ufal.mff.cuni.cz/acl2007/)

In http://www.cs.rochester.edu/meetings/hlt-naacl07/, we can get information about the Human Language Technology conference in Rochester, NY

It deals with information about a conference that will take place on September 10, 11 and 12 in Spain. (http://www.lsi.us.es/~sepln2007/index.php/Portada)

Definitions

mirentxu — Fri, 22 Jun 2007 17:42:57 +0000

machine translation, in computational linguistics, publishing, and other fields, the use of computers to conduct large-scale translation operations. The electronic translation of one language into another or the electronic syntactic analysis of a text has been attempted since the mid 20th cent. However, the complexities of this type of operation, both practical and theoretical, have resulted in only a limited measure of success. (Definiton given by Answers.com)

Machine aided translation is a form of translation wherein a human translator translates texts using computer software designed to support and facilitate the translation process.

Multilingual content management: A multilingual website is usually a mixture of global and local content. Local content presents no particular content management issues; global content – which has to be translated across all language locales – does.

Tranlation Technology: The act or process of translating, especially from one language into another.

b. The state of being translated.

2. A translated version of a text.

3. Physics Motion of a body in which every point of the body moves parallel to and the same distance as every other point of the body.

4. Biology The process by which messenger RNA directs the amino acid sequence of a growing polypeptide during protein synthesis.(definition taken from the Free dictionary. com)

Prueba de traducción

mirentxu — Fri, 22 Jun 2007 17:27:17 +0000

Translation given by the Instituto Cervantes from Catalan to Spanish: Resultado de la traducción:

Texto original:
La Fundació FC Barcelona ha celebrat amb èxit la primera edició de les Jornades d’Esport Solidari dirigides per l’exjugador blaugrana Julio Alberto, que van fer-se a Tànger (Marroc) del 24 al 27 de maig.

Texto traducido:
La Fundación FC Barcelona ha celebrado con éxito la primera edición de las Jornadas de Deporte Solidario dirigidas por el ex jugador azulgrana Julio Alberto, que van hacerse en Tánger (Marruecos) del 24 al 27 de mayo.

Translation given by the Institute Cervantes from English to Spanish:

Resultado de la traducción:

Texto original:
The type of the input document can greatly affect the output of an MT system. For example, inputs to the METEO system are specific and very restricted, mainly weather forecast texts, using a limited lexicon and particular syntactic constructions. As a result the system produces accurate output, comparable to human translation. In contrast, MT of arbitrary text invariably produces output of much lesser quality. Both the genre and the application domain determine the quality.

Texto traducido:
El tipo del documento de entrada puede afectar grandemente la salida de un sistema de la TA. Por ejemplo, las entradas al sistema de METEO son específicas y muy restrictas, principalmente textos del parte meteorológico, usando un léxico limitado y construcciones sintácticas particulares. Consecuentemente el sistema produce la salida exacta, comparable a la traducción humana. En contraste, la TA del texto arbitrario produce invariable salida de mucha poca calidad. El género y el dominio del uso determinan la calidad.

Characteristics of the tranlation task

mirentxu — Fri, 22 Jun 2007 17:18:44 +0000

1. Assimilation

2. Dissemination

3. Communication

Why should I study HLT?

mirentxu — Fri, 22 Jun 2007 17:13:49 +0000

1. Because we are in the era of computers and comunications.

2. It’s important to acquire knowledge of a science that was so far quite unknown.

3. Besides, we should try to incorporate activities in a broad spectrum of disciplines such as natural language processing, speech recognition and synthesis

4. You can get scholarships supporting research in this field.

5. It is an important science because it is not limited to a single language but it is connected to all languages.

HLT European Centres

mirentxu — Fri, 22 Jun 2007 17:06:57 +0000

Language Technology Documentation Centre in FinlandHKUST Human Language Technology Center (Hong Kong)

Centre for Language Technology, Denmark

Hans Uszkoreit

mirentxu — Fri, 22 Jun 2007 16:59:18 +0000

As we can find in Uszkoreit’s websiteworks as a ”Professor of Computational Linguistics at Saarland University. He also serves as Scientific Director at the German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI) where he heads the DFKI Language Technology Lab. By cooptation he is also Professor of the Computer Science Department.

Uszkoreit studied Linguistics and Computer Science at the Technical University of Berlin and the University of Texas at Austin. During his time in Austin he also worked as a research associate in a large machine translation project at the Linguistics Research Center. In 1984 Uszkoreit received his Ph.D. in linguistics from the University of Texas. From 1982 until 1986, he worked as a computer scientist at the Artificial Intelligence Center of SRI International in Menlo Park, Ca. During this time he was also affiliated with the Center for the Study of Language and Information at Stanford University as a senior researcher and later as a project leader. In 1986 he spent six months in Stuttgart on an IBM Research Fellowship at the Science Division of IBM Germany. In December 1986 he returned to Stuttgart to work for IBM Germany as a project leader in the project LILOG (Linguistic and Logical Methods for the Understanding of German Texts). During this time, he also taught at the University of Stuttgart.”

Human Language Technologies

mirentxu — Fri, 22 Jun 2007 16:56:22 +0000

According to Hans Uszkoreit’s definition Human Language Technologies

“are information technologies specialized for dealing with the

most complex information medium in our world: human language. Therefore these technologies

are also often defined as Human Language Technology. Human language

occurs in spoken and written form.”

The Survey of the State of the Art in Human Language Technology has also shown that “Language technology (LT), also Human Language Technology (HLT), is the cover term for all information technologies specialized for dealing with text and speech in human language.”

Working in the field of Human Language Technologies, the goal of the HLT Institute is “to incorporate activities in a broad spectrum of disciplines such as natural language processing, speech recognition and synthesis, knowledge acquired from texts and information extraction.”

HIPERTEXTO

mirentxu — Thu, 08 Feb 2007 11:15:58 +0000

Definiciones

(obtenido http://www.ldc.usb.ve/~abianc/hipertexto.html)

El hipertexto es una tecnología que organiza una base de información en bloques distintos de contenidos, conectados a través de una serie de enlaces cuya activación o selección provoca la recuperación de información [Díaz et al, 1996].

El hipertexto ha sido definido como un enfoque para manejar y organizar información, en el cual los datos se almacenan en una red de nodos conectados por enlaces. Los nodos contenienen textos y si contienen además gráficos, imágenes, audio, animaciones y video, así como código ejecutable u otra forma de datos se les da el nombre de hipermedio, es decir, una generalización de hipertexto.

Considerando cómo se representa el conocimiento humano, el hombre opera por asociación, saltando de un item al próximo, en forma casi instantánea. El paradigma hipermedia intenta modelar este proceso con enlaces entre pedazos de información contenidos en nodos.

A diferencia de los libros impresos, en los cuales la lectura se realiza en forma secuencial desde el principio hasta el final, en un ambiente hipermedial la “lectura” puede realizarse en forma no lineal, y los usuarios no están obligados a seguir una secuencia establecida, sino que pueden moverse a través de la información y hojear intuitivamente los contenidos por asociación, siguiendo sus intereses en búsqueda de un término o concepto. En la figura, a continuación, se representan el estilo secuencial, el estilo jerárquico, el estilo reticulado y el hipermedio.

Ampliación: